Investigation of the stability of tablets prepared from sucrose and citric acid anhydride utilizing response surface methodology

Inversion of sucrose is a stability problem particularly of candies with acidic taste that contain sucrose and small amounts of organic acids such as citric acid, since the free d-fructose produced by hydrolysis is hygroscopic. The following possibilities were investigated for preventing the hydrolysis of sucrose in tablets containing sucrose and citric acid: Adding various amounts of tri-sodium citrate to the formulation to neutralize the citric acid, (Hot) melt coating of citric acid and tri-sodium citrate with a vegetable fat at different coating ratios, variation of the ratio of coated citric acid and tri-sodium citrate in formulations, and compressing the formulations with different compression forces. After tablet processing and storage of tablets, the concentration of d-fructose was determined on the basis of enzymatic reactions. A response surface central composite design was used. The above-mentioned variations were chosen as independent variables and the amount of d-fructose was chosen as response variable. The lowest rates of inversion could be achieved by increasing the content of tri-sodium citrate and the ratio of coating material and decreasing the ratio of coated citric acid and tri-sodium citrate in the tablet formulations. The compression force had no significant effect on the inversion of sucrose.     

Structure, properties and application to water-soluble coatings of complex antimicrobial agent Ag-carboxymethyl chitosan-thiabendazole

The structure, properties and application to water-soluble coatings of a new complex antimicrobial agent Ag-carboxylmethyl citosan-thiabendazole （Ag-CMCTS-TBZ） prepared from different materiel ratios were reported. The silver ions were preferably coordinated with the free-NH2 groups and the -OH groups of secondary alcohol and carboxyl in CMCTS. TBZ preferably bonded to carboxyl group in CMCTS by electrostatic force and hydrogen bonding. Increase in silver ions content in the complex agent improved to some limited extent the antibacterial activity, but enhanced coloring and cost of the complex agent. Increase in TBZ content resulted in increase of antifungal activity, but decrease of water solubility of the complex agent. The antimicrobial MICs of the complex agent to Esherichia coil, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Mucor sp. were 20 -80, 15 -60, 20 - 55, 40 - 250, and 400 - 1700 mg/kg, respectively. Addition of 0.1% of this complex agent to acrylic emulsion paint made the paint without substantial change in color, luster, viscosity, odor or pH value, but with an excellent and chronically persisting broad-spectra antimicrobial activity.     

In-situ birefringence microscopy of uniaxially stretched metal-polymer laminate

This paper concentrates on revealing the local deformation as a function of applied strain in a polymer coating supported by a plastically deforming and roughening metal substrate. To this end in-situ birefringence microscopy measurements have been executed. The measurements are performed in reflection and an alternative unwrapping scheme for the optical path difference is proposed. From the characterization of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) coated stainless steel it is concluded that strain localization appears below the macroscopic strain at yield and that the surface roughness of the substrate is the driving force of the localization.     

Effect of Y2O3 Content on Microstructure of Gradient Bioceramic Composite Coating Produced by Wide-Band Laser Cladding

Hydroxyapatite (HA) ,a kind of bioactive materi-al , has wide application prospect in hard tissue re-placemen and repairment due to its si milar chemicalcomposition and crystallographic structure to that ofbone mineral[1 ,2]. Since HA has lowstrength (50 …     

钢结构的防火及防火涂料的涂装

详细了介绍了锦州石化公司体育馆及附属设施钢架结构的防火及防火涂料涂装;讨论了钢架结构的防火,并且制定涂层的设计方案、施工工艺及质量验收标准等。     

种子乳液共聚法制备含氢聚甲基硅氧烷/丙烯酸酯织物涂层剂

以丙烯酸丁酯 ( BA)、丙烯酸乙酯 ( EA)、含氢聚甲基硅氧烷 ( PHMS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 ( MMA)、丙烯腈( AN)为主单体 ,丙烯酸 ( AA)等为功能单体 ,N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺 ( NMA)等为交联剂 ,采用种子乳液共聚法制备了自交联织物涂层剂。经实验确定最佳反应条件为 :m( BA) / m( EA) / m( PHMS) / m( MMA) / m( AN) =6 .8/0 .5 / 0 .7/ 1 .2 / 0 .8,AA、交联剂、乳化剂和引发剂的用量分别为单体总质量的 3%、4 %、4 %和 0 .3% ,种子和外壳的反应温度分别为 78℃和 82℃ ,反应时间分别为 4 h和 6 h。应用实验结果表明 ,乳液胶膜拉伸强度可达2 .1 3MPa,涂层织物抗静水压可达 6 .85 k Pa,透湿量 ( 2 4 h)达 5 6 1 5 g/ m2。     

高性能鳞片涂料在脱硫烟囱防腐蚀中的应用

分析了湿法烟气脱硫工艺对脱硫装置及烟囱的腐蚀情况，对几种典型的衬里结构进行比较，介绍了高性能防腐蚀鳞片涂料的应用要求和工程实例。     

Comparison of interfaces in Ti composites reinforced with uncoated and TiB2/C-coated SiC fibres

Interfaces play an important role in determining the mechanical properties of composite materials. The interfaces established between a titanium-alloy matrix (Ti-6Al-4V) and uncoated and TiB₂/C-coated SiC fibres are analysed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray techniques. Emphasis is placed upon the interfacial morphology and microstructure, identification of reaction products, and the stability of the coating layer. Complex multi-reaction layers are observed frequently in the interfacial zones. Previous, often contradictory, reports about the interlayers are reviewed. Experimental observation demonstrates that the type and distribution of interlayers vary in a given system, due to prolonged treatment of the samples at temperature. The formation and distribution of the interlayers are discussed further, with respect to these and previous findings. Methods of reducing interfacial reactivity are discussed.     

大型桁架展开机构热控涂层设计和热变形分析

为控制大型桁架展开机构在低地轨道(Low Earth Orbit,LEO)上的热变形,建立相应的热分析有限元模型,提出3种热控涂层备选方案.根据不同方案计算出机构在LEO上运行4个周期的瞬态温度场,并以最后一个周期的瞬态温度场为基础计算机构的热变形.对热变形的结果进行比较,选取变形值最小的热控涂层方案进行优化,使3根主梁的温差达到最小,从而有效控制桁架展开机构的热变形.     

Simultaneous chromizing-aluminizing coating of austenitic stainless steels

Chromium and aluminum were simultaneously co-deposited by diffusion into austenitic stainless steel substrates, by a single-step, pack-cementation process. The mechanism for the formation of diffusion-coated products on 304 and 316 stainless steels and on Incoloy 800 is discussed. The morphologies of the phases formed at the surface, i.e., an external beta layer and an underlying multiphase interdiffusion zone, are presented. The formation of the brittle, , outer layer was minimized by variations in the pack composition and activator. The coated 304 and 316 steels exhibited excellent scaling resistance upon oxidation in air at 1000°C.